Spatial Model

Introduction The mass-conserving secretion and uptake of (signaling) molecules by cells can in Morpheus be achieved with Mappers and scaling fluxes by cell.volume. The intracellular amount of signal may trigger a change in a state variable that could downstream change cell behaviors.

This model also requires the separate file Population_M.csv with the list of lattice nodes where cells shall be initialized. Introduction Initializing the spatial configuration of cells is a key step of every simulation and Morpheus offers all the flexibility for this:

This multiscale mechanistic liver lobule model is composed of various interacting cell types, such as hepatocytes, residential Kupffer cells and macrophages. It captures hepatocellular acetaminophen (APAP) metabolism, DNA damage response activation, necrotic cell death, macrophage recruitment and the regulation of hepatocellular senescence and proliferation, with qualitatively different outcomes as a function of the initial APAP concentration in blood plasma.

Introduction Comparison of spatio-temporal model output to experimental measurements or between model variants all require the application of summary statistics. For multicellular models, statistical properties of the cell configuration at given times or across time are of interest and Morpheus provides some Analysis/Trackers for that: CellTracker, DisplacementTracker, ClusteringTracker and ContactLogger.

Introduction Larvae of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans aggregate into clusters of several hundred moving individuals when starved during their first larval stage (see video below). Avery et al. proposed that starved larvae produce and respond chemotactically to two diffusible chemical signals, a short-range attractant and a longer range repellent.

Introduction Collective motion of human breast cancer cells of the cell line MDA-MB-231 was studied by Lee et al. for individual crawling cells, cell doublets, cell quadruplets and for confluent populations on a two-dimensional substrate.

Introduction Brook et al. studied the effect of distinct immune phenotypes on cellular-scale viral propagation in three mammalian kidney cell lines with different interferon pathways (IFN). Differences in the IFN response upon pathogen invasion allowed to experimentally observe, model and numerically simulate viral dynamics in cells with

Pattern formation is robust to noise. Introduction Morpheus can also simulate ODE and PDE models with noise. One example (in the GUI menu Examples → ODE → LateralSignaling.xml) with coupled noisy ODE systems is explained in M0004.